जर्नल ऑफ क्लिनिकल एंड एक्सपेरिमेंटल फार्माकोलॉजी

अमूर्त

Drug Tolerance

Martin Luther

Plant breeding is an art and science focused on solving specific problems, such as productivity, resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, fruit quality, and postharvest performance. To progress efficacy and sturdiness of plant breeding programs about parent and seedling selection, the implementation of molecular tools is an essential requirement, including the development of Marker Assisted Selection (MAS) strategies. DH methods, combined with marker-assisted selection (MAS), allow a quicker and more effective fixation of favorable alleles. Plant genetic engineering is one of the most potent tools implemented in current molecular crop breeding techniques. The conventional methods of plant genetic transformation include Agrobacterium tumefaciens, particle bombardment, DNA uptake into protoplast. The transgenic events derived by these methods carry the transgenes integrated at random sites in the plant genome. Novel techniques that mediate integration of foreign genes at specific pre-determined locations circumvent many problems associated with the existing methods of gene transfer. The recent years have observed the development of gene targeting techniques by employing zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), and clustered regularly interspaced short palindrome repeats (CRISPR). This demonstration aims to discuss the new perspective of Plant Breeding in the context of the present Postgenomic era.