में अनुक्रमित
- यूरो पब
- गूगल ज्ञानी
उपयोगी कड़ियां
इस पृष्ठ को साझा करें
जर्नल फ़्लायर
एक्सेस जर्नल खोलें
- अभियांत्रिकी
- आनुवंशिकी एवं आण्विक जीवविज्ञान
- इम्यूनोलॉजी और माइक्रोबायोलॉजी
- औषधि विज्ञान
- कृषि और जलकृषि
- चिकित्सीय विज्ञान
- जीव रसायन
- जैव सूचना विज्ञान और सिस्टम जीवविज्ञान
- तंत्रिका विज्ञान और मनोविज्ञान
- नर्सिंग एवं स्वास्थ्य देखभाल
- नैदानिक विज्ञान
- पदार्थ विज्ञान
- पर्यावरण विज्ञान
- पशु चिकित्सा विज्ञान
- भोजन एवं पोषण
- रसायन विज्ञान
- व्यवसाय प्रबंधन
- सामान्य विज्ञान
अमूर्त
Cardinal Ligament and Transverse Cervical Ligament are not Synonymous
Yoshihiko Yabuki and Hiroaki Takagi
The cardinal ligament and transverse cervical ligament are not distinguished as separate entities in Terminologia Anatomica. This interpretation of the cardinal ligament as being synonymous with the transverse cervical ligament has had a profound influence on clinical anatomy and, consequently, on the operative procedures for cervical cancer. This prompted the author to investigate and analyze the differences between the two lateral parametria. This was carried out through research on the history of clinical anatomy and surgery for cervical cancer, together with data from the author’s surgical procedures for radical hysterectomy and cadaver dissections. An analysis by the author of Savage’s theory (1875), Clark’s surgery and Wertheim’s surgery yielded evidence of the cardinal ligament being referred to as the medial parametrium of the ureter. Moreover, from analysis of Mackenrodt’s theory, Latzko’s surgery and Okabayashi’s surgery, the transverse cervical ligament was found to be the lateral parametrium extending the cardinal ligament to the pelvic sidewall. However, in actual clinical practice the transverse cervical ligament is an artifact that can be excavated perpendicularly toward the sacral aspect and isolated between the paravesical and pararectal spaces. Therefore, a large discrepancy became apparent between theory and clinical anatomical evidence. Because of these contradictions, no consistency could be found for gross and clinical anatomical terms to coexist in one anatomical glossary. However, from morphological findings on the retroperitoneal space it allowed the author to find a common ground between the two anatomies. From a number of findings on the subserous layer, the author came to the following conclusion that the cardinal ligament was a bundle parallel to the uterus on the medial aspect of the ureter, and the transverse cervical ligament a bundle perpendicular to the uterus and connected to the pelvic sidewall.