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Applications of Cone Beam Computed Tomography in Endodontics: A Review

Meena N*,Kowsky RD

Aim: This review aims to provide comprehensive information related to the principles of Cone beam computed tomography and its potential applications in the management of various endodontic conditions.
Methodology: A thorough and extensive electronic literature search was conducted utilizing PubMed, for articles related to endodontic applications of CBCT published during the period between January 2005 and September 30, 2013. Search words such as ‘principles of CBCT’, ‘endodontic applications of CBCT’ were employed to obtain information. Only those articles dealing with the principles and various endodontic applications of CBCT are included in this review.
Results: The search revealed 258 articles, 70 of which were found to be relevant to the scope of this review and were used in this review CBCT is a revolutionary and innovative procedure that has changed the paradigms in the management of various endodontic conditions. The information provided by this tool–three dimensional view of anatomic and pathologic structures, ability to provide details of root and canal anatomy, assessment of dento-alveolar trauma, assessment of root resorptions, etc. has contributed substantially to its extensive utilization in a short period of time.
Clinical Significance: CBCT can be used in the management of a variety of conditions like dento-alveolar truma, root resorptions, early apical periodontitis, roots and canals with unusual anatomy, dental anomalies, etc. The effective dose of CBCT (focused field of view) varies from 5-38.3 μSv. The effective dose of intra-oral periapical radiographs and panoramic radiographs are ˂8.3 μSv and 9-26 μSv respectively. Thus CBCT has an effective dose in the similar range of magnitude as other dental radiographs, but, its three dimensional imaging capability and 100% sensitivity (1.0) and specificity (1.0) makes it an invaluable tool in the field of endodontics.